Nā ʻano o ka pumice pele (basalt) a me nā ʻano kino o nā mea kānana olaola pōhaku pele.

ʻAno a me ke ʻano: ʻAʻohe ʻāpana ʻoi, kūʻē haʻahaʻa i ke kahe ʻana o ka wai, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke ālai, hoʻokaʻawale like ʻia ka wai a me ka ea, ʻili ʻinoʻino, wikiwiki ka kau ʻana o ka ʻili kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a emi iki ka maʻalahi o ka hemo ʻana o ka ʻili microbial i ka wā e holoi pinepine ʻia ai.
Porosity: He ʻano cellular a porous nā pōhaku pele, e lilo ana lākou i wahi ulu maikaʻi loa no nā kaiāulu microbial.

Ikaika mīkini: Wahi a ka ʻoihana nānā kūlana aupuni, ʻo 5.08Mpa ia, ka mea i hōʻoia ʻia e kū i nā hopena ʻoki hydraulic o nā ikaika like ʻole a he ola lawelawe lōʻihi loa ma mua o nā mea kānana ʻē aʻe.
Ka nui: Ka nui kaulike, maʻalahi ke hoʻokuʻu i ka wā o ka holoi ʻana me ka ʻole o ka liki ʻana o nā mea, hiki ke mālama i ka ikehu a hōʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana.
Paʻa kemika olaola: ʻo ka mea kānana olaola pōhaku pele he kūpaʻa i ka pala, inert, a ʻaʻole ia e komo i ka hopena biochemical o ka biofilm i ke kaiapuni.

ʻO ka uila ʻili a me ka hydrophilicity: Loaʻa i ka ʻili o ka biofilter pōhaku pele kahi uku maikaʻi, kahi e kūpono ai i ka ulu paʻa o nā microorganism. Loaʻa iā ia ka hydrophilicity ikaika, ka nui o ka biofilm i hoʻopili ʻia, a me ka wikiwiki.
Ma ke ʻano o ka hopena ma ka hana biofilm: Ma ke ʻano he mea lawe biofilm, ʻaʻohe mea ʻino ka pāpaho biofilter pōhaku pele a ʻaʻohe ona hopena pale i nā microorganism paʻa, a ua hōʻoia ka hana ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia i ka hana o nā microorganism.

Nā ʻano hydraulics o ka mea kānana olaola pōhaku pele.
Ka helu hakahaka: ʻO ka awelika o ka porosity i loko a i waho ma kahi o 40%, kahi haʻahaʻa ke kūpaʻa i ka wai. I ka manawa like, hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea kānana like, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o ka mea kānana e pono ai, a hiki nō hoʻi ke hoʻokō ʻia ka pahuhopu kānana i manaʻo ʻia.
ʻĀpana ʻili kikoʻī: Me kahi ʻāpana ʻili kikoʻī nui, porosity kiʻekiʻe, a me ka inertness, kūpono ia i ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o nā microorganism, mālama i kahi biomass microbial kiʻekiʻe, a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke kaʻina hana hoʻoili nui o ka oxygen, nā meaʻai, a me nā ʻōpala i hana ʻia i ka wā o ka metabolism microbial.
ʻO ke ʻano o ka mea kānana a me ke ʻano o ke kahe ʻana o ka wai: Ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he mau ʻāpana kiko ʻole nā ​​mea kānana olaola pōhaku pele a he nui aʻe ka nui o ka pore ma mua o nā ʻāpana keramika, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ko lākou kūpaʻa ʻana i ke kahe ʻana o ka wai a mālama i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu ke hoʻohana ʻia.

ʻO kona mau ʻano, he nui nā pores, māmā, ikaika kiʻekiʻe, insulation, omo leo, pale ahi, kūpaʻa waikawa a me alkali, kūpaʻa i ka pala, a ʻaʻohe haumia a ʻaʻohe radioactive. He mea maka ʻōmaʻomaʻo kūlohelohe kūpono, aloha i ke kaiapuni a mālama i ka ikehu.