ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka pumice pele (basalt) a me nā waiwai kino o nā mea kānana olaola pōhaku lua pele.

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona a me ke ʻano: ʻAʻohe mea ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kahe wai, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke pale ʻia, puʻunaue like ʻia ka wai a me ka ea, ka ʻili ʻōpala, ka wikiwiki e kau ana i ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a emi ʻole i ka microbial film detachment i ka wā e holoi pinepine ʻia.
Porosity: He cellular maoli a porous nā pōhaku pele, e hoʻolilo iā lākou i wahi ulu maikaʻi loa no nā kaiāulu microbial.

Mechanical ikaika: Wahi a ke keʻena nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻāina, ʻo 5.08Mpa ia, i hōʻoia ʻia e kū i nā hopena shear hydraulic o nā ikaika like ʻole a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka lawelawe ʻana ma mua o nā mea kānana ʻē aʻe.
Density: ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, maʻalahi ke hoʻokuʻu i ka wā holoi ʻana me ka ʻole o ka leakage waiwai, hiki ke mālama i ka ikehu a hōʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana.
Paʻa kemika biological: ʻaʻole ʻino nā mea kānana biological pōhaku lua pele, ʻaʻole i komo i ka hopena biochemical o ka biofilm i ke kaiapuni.

ʻO ka uila uila a me ka hydrophilicity: He uku maikaʻi ka ʻili o ka biofilter pōhaku lua pele, kahi kūpono i ka ulu paʻa o nā microorganisms.Loaʻa iā ia ka hydrophilicity ikaika, ka nui o ka biofilm i hoʻopili ʻia, a me ka wikiwiki wikiwiki.
Ma ke ʻano o ka hopena i ka hana biofilm: Ma ke ʻano he mea lawe biofilm, ʻaʻohe mea pōʻino a ʻaʻohe hopena pale i nā microorganism paʻa, a ua hōʻoia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻaʻole pili i ka hana o nā microorganism.

Nā hiʻohiʻona hydraulic o nā mea kānana olaola pōhaku lua pele.
Void rate: ʻO ka awelika porosity i loko a me waho ma kahi o 40%, he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i ka wai.I ka manawa like, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea kānana like, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o nā mea kānana i makemake ʻia, a hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka pahuhopu kānana i manaʻo ʻia.
ʻĀpana ili kikoʻī: Me kahi ʻāpana kikoʻī nui, porosity kiʻekiʻe, a me ka inertness, kūpono ia i ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o nā microorganisms, mālama i kahi biomass microbial kiʻekiʻe, a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke kaʻina hoʻololi nui o ka oxygen, nā meaʻai, a me nā ʻōpala i hana ʻia i ka wā microbial. metabolism.
ʻO ke ʻano o nā mea kānana a me ke ʻano kahe o ka wai: Ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo nā mea kānana koʻikoʻi o ka pōhaku lua pele he mau mea kikoʻī ʻole a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pore ma mua o nā ʻāpana seramika, ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi lākou i ke kahe wai a mālama i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu ke hoʻohana ʻia.

ʻO kona mau hiʻohiʻona he nui nā pores, māmā kaumaha, ikaika kiʻekiʻe, insulation, absorption kani, pale ahi, acid and alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, a he pollution-free a non radioactive.He ʻōmaʻomaʻo kūlohelohe maikaʻi loa ia, pili kaiapuni a mālama i ka ikehu.