ʻAno kemika
ʻO ka mea mua, pono mākou e wehewehe he like ka hoʻohuihui kemika o ke kalapona ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo a me ka silicon dioxide, a ʻo ko lākou ʻano kemika ʻo SiO ₂. ʻO ke kalapona ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo kahi ʻano kikoʻī o ka silica, a hiki ke hōʻike ʻia kona ʻano e SiO2 · nH2O, kahi e kū ai ka nH2O ma ke ʻano o nā hui hydroxyl o ka ʻili.
ʻAno a me nā waiwai
Ma ke ʻano o ke ʻano a me nā waiwai, he ʻokoʻa nō hoʻi ke kalapona ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo a me ka silica. ʻO ke ʻano o ka silica he pauka keʻokeʻo amorphous, ʻaʻohe mea ʻawahia, ʻaʻohe ʻala, a ʻaʻohe haumia. He poepoe kona microstructure, flocculent, a like me ka pūnaewele, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. ʻO ke ʻano o ke kalapona ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he pauka keʻokeʻo, granular a ʻano ʻē paha, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka soda caustic a me ka waikawa hydrofluoric, hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, a me nā waikawa (koe naʻe ka waikawa hydrofluoric), a he mau ʻano o ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke lapalapa, ʻaʻohe ʻala, ʻaʻohe ʻala, a me ka insulation uila maikaʻi.
wahi noi
Ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana, loaʻa i ke kalapona ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo a me ka silica ko lākou mau ʻano ponoʻī. He mea maka koʻikoʻi ka Silicon dioxide i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana i ke aniani, ke aniani quartz, ka sodium silicate, nā fiber optical, nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka ʻoihana uila, nā mea hana optical, nā hana lima, a me nā mea refractory. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ke kalapona ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo i nā huahana laholio, nā kemika mahiʻai, nā huahana kemika o kēlā me kēia lā, nā plastics, nā uhi, nā composites resin, a me nā mea hoʻopihapiha pepa. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ke kalapona ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo ma ke ʻano he pani no ke kalapona ʻeleʻele i nā huahana laholio.
ʻAno hoʻomākaukau
Ma ke ʻano o nā ʻano hoʻomākaukau, ʻokoʻa nō hoʻi ke kalapona ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo a me ka silica. Hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia ke kalapona ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo ma o nā ʻano hoʻopulapula a i ʻole ke ʻano kinoea, a ʻo nā ʻano hoʻomākaukau like ʻole e hopena i ʻelua huahana like ʻole me ke ʻano molekala like.
Nā ʻano hana
Ma ke ʻano o nā ʻano hana, aia kekahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke kalapona ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo a me ka silica. He mea porous ka kalapona ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo, me ke ʻano aggregate a me ka microstructure e like me ke kalapona ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka Nano silica, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he mea keʻokeʻo inorganic non-metallic ʻaʻohe ʻawaʻawa, ʻaʻohe ʻala, a ʻaʻohe haumia me ka nui o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi (0-100nm) a me kahi ʻili kikoʻī nui. Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano hoʻohālike ikaika loa no ka ultraviolet, infrared, a me ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia. ʻO ka hopena nui a me ka hopena tunneling quantum o ka nano silica ke kumu o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hopena percolation, hiki ke hana i kahi ʻano pūnaewele spatial me nā hui molekala organik, e hoʻomaikaʻi nui ana i ka ikaika mechanical, toughness, wear resistance, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻelemakule o nā mea polymer.
I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ʻoiai he like ka kemika o ke kalapona ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo a me ka silica, ʻokoʻa lākou i ke ʻano, nā waiwai, nā wahi hoʻohana, a me nā ʻano hoʻomākaukau.