Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā puaʻa hao hao i loko o nā uhi, pena, a me nā inika ma muli o ko lākou ʻona ʻole, ʻaʻohe koko, haʻahaʻa kumu kūʻai, a hiki ke hana i nā aka like ʻole.Hoʻokumu ʻia nā uhi me nā mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni, pigments, fillers, solvents, a me nā mea hoʻohui.Ua hoʻomohala ʻia mai ka ʻaila ʻaila a hiki i ka synthetic resin coatings, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia nā ʻāpana like ʻole me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā puaʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā puaʻa hao hao, i lilo i ʻano puaʻa pono ʻole i ka ʻoihana uhi.

ʻO nā puaʻa hao oxide i hoʻohana ʻia i ka uhi ʻana he hao melemele, hao ʻulaʻula, hao ʻeleʻele, hao ʻeleʻele, mica iron oxide, aniani hao melemele, hao ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, a me nā huahana translucent, ʻo ia ka hao ʻulaʻula ka mea nui i ka nui a me ka laulā ākea. .
ʻO ka ʻulaʻula hao he pale wela maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻole e hoʻololi i ka waihoʻoluʻu ma 500 ℃, ʻaʻole hoʻololi i kona ʻano kemika ma 1200 ℃, e paʻa loa ia.Hiki iā ia ke komo i ka spectrum ultraviolet i ka lā, no laila he hopena pale i ka uhi.He kūpaʻa ʻo ia i ka dilute acids, alkalis, wai, a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, e loaʻa ai ka maikaʻi o ka wā.

ʻO ka Granularity o ka iron oxide ʻulaʻula he 0.2 μ M, ʻo ka ʻāpana kikoʻī kikoʻī a me ka absorption ʻaila nui nō hoʻi.Ke piʻi aʻe ka Granularity, neʻe ka waihoʻoluʻu mai ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻāina kikoʻī a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka ʻaila.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ʻulaʻula hao i nā uhi anti rust me ka hana anti rust kino.ʻAʻole hiki ke komo i ka wai i ka lewa i loko o ka papa metala, a hiki ke hoʻonui i ka nui a me ka ikaika mechanical o ka uhi.
Pono e haʻahaʻa ka paʻakai wai ʻulaʻula hao i hoʻohana ʻia i ka pena anti rust, he mea pono ia no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana anti rust, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā ion chloride, maʻalahi ka wai e komo i loko o ka uhi, a i ka manawa like, e hoʻolalelale i ka corrosion metala. .

He mea maʻalahi loa ka metala i ka waika, no laila ke emi ka waiwai o ka PH o ka resin, ka puaʻa a i ʻole ka mea hoʻoheheʻe i ka pena ma lalo o 7, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka corrosion metala.Ma hope o ka lōʻihi o ka ʻike ʻana i ka lā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pauka o ka pena ʻulaʻula hao, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻulaʻula hao me ka Granularity liʻiliʻi ka pauka wikiwiki, no laila e koho ʻia ka ʻulaʻula hao me ka Granularity nui e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kū ʻana o ka wā, akā maʻalahi hoʻi. e hoemi i ka olinolino o ka uhi.

ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka topcoat ma muli o ka flocculation o hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o nā mea puaʻa.ʻO ka pulupulu maikaʻi ʻole o ka puaʻa a me ka nui o nā mea pulu ke kumu o ka flocculation.Ma hope o ka calcination, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka puaʻa i ka flocculation.No laila, i mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ke kala like ʻole o ka topcoat, pono ia e koho i ka synthesis pulu o ka ʻulaʻula hao.ʻO ka ʻili o ka uhi i hana ʻia me ka nila i hana ʻia me ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula e pili ana i ka mercerization, a ʻo nā ʻōpala i hana ʻia i ka wā pena ke nānā ʻia mai nā kihi like ʻole, me nā ʻano kala like ʻole, a pili i nā ʻano helu refractive o nā kristal.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā huahana kūlohelohe, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka iron oxide ʻulaʻula, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi Granularity, ʻoi aku ka maʻemaʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka huna ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka aila a me ka mana kala ʻoi aku ka ikaika.Ma kekahi mau hana pena, ua kaʻana like ka iron oxide ʻulaʻula me nā huahana synthetic, e like me ka iron oxide red alkyd primer i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā wahi Ferrous e like me nā kaʻa, nā mīkini a me nā mea kani.