ʻO ka puaʻa hao hao he ʻano puaʻa me ka hoʻopuehu maikaʻi, ke kūpaʻa māmā maikaʻi, a me ka pale ʻana i ka wā.ʻEhā mau ʻano puaʻa kala, ʻo ia hoʻi ka iron oxide ʻulaʻula, ka hao melemele, ka hao ʻeleʻele, a me ka hao ʻeleʻele, e pili ana i ka hao oxides.Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka ʻulaʻula iron oxide ka puaʻa nui (ʻoi aku ma kahi o 50% o nā puaʻa hao hao), a ʻo ka mica iron oxide i hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā pigment anti rust a me ka hao hao hao i hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā mea hoʻopaʻa leo magnetic no ka ʻāpana o nā puaʻa hao hao.ʻO ka hao hao ka lua o ka puaʻa inorganic nui loa ma hope o ka titanium dioxide a me ka puaʻa anorganic kala nui loa.ʻOi aku ma mua o 70% o nā puaʻa iron oxide a pau i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e nā ʻano hana synthesis kemika, i kapa ʻia ʻo synthetic iron oxide.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Synthetic iron oxide i nā mea kūkulu hale, nā uhi, nā plastics, electronics, paka, lāʻau lapaʻau, rubber, ceramics, printing ink, magnetic material, pepa hana a me nā māla ʻē aʻe ma muli o kona kiʻekiʻe synthetic cleaner, uniform particle size, wide chromatography, multiple. nā kala, nā kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, nā mea ʻawaʻawa ʻole, nā kala maikaʻi a me nā waiwai noi, a me nā waiwai absorption ultraviolet.Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā puaʻa hao hao i loko o nā uhi, pena, a me nā inika ma muli o ko lākou ʻona ʻole, ʻaʻohe koko, haʻahaʻa kumu kūʻai, a hiki ke hana i nā aka like ʻole.Hoʻokumu ʻia nā uhi me nā mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni, pigments, fillers, solvents, a me nā mea hoʻohui.Ua hoʻomohala ʻia mai ka ʻaila ʻaila a hiki i ka synthetic resin coatings, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia nā ʻāpana like ʻole me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā puaʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā puaʻa hao hao, i lilo i ʻano puaʻa pono ʻole i ka ʻoihana uhi.

ʻO nā puaʻa hao oxide i hoʻohana ʻia i ka uhi ʻana he hao melemele, hao ʻulaʻula, hao ʻeleʻele, hao ʻeleʻele, mica iron oxide, aniani hao melemele, hao ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, a me nā huahana translucent, ʻo ia ka hao ʻulaʻula ka mea nui i ka nui a me ka laulā ākea. .

ʻO ka ʻulaʻula hao he pale wela maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻole e hoʻololi i ka waihoʻoluʻu ma 500 ℃, ʻaʻole hoʻololi i kona ʻano kemika ma 1200 ℃, e paʻa loa ia.Hiki iā ia ke komo i ka spectrum ultraviolet i ka lā, no laila he hopena pale i ka uhi.He kūpaʻa ʻo ia i ka dilute acids, alkalis, wai, a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, e loaʻa ai ka maikaʻi o ka wā.